单项选择题

　　1、 I catch a cold now and then.

　　A.always

　　B.occasionally

　　C.constantly

　　D.regularly

　　2、 The tomato juice left a brown stain on the front of my jacket.

　　A.track

　　B.trace

　　C.spot

　　D.point

　　3、 Einstein’s Theory of Relativity was so profound that only a few scientists could understand it.

　　A.deep

　　B.superior

　　C.wide

　　D.narrow

　　4、

　　回答题：

　　Electromagnetic Energy

　　1. White light seems to be a combination of all colors. The energy that comes from a source of light is not limited to the kind of energy you can see. Heat is given off by a flame or an electric light. On a cloudy day it is possible to get a sunburn even though you feel cool. Visible light and the kind of energy that produce warmth and sunburn are examples of electromagnetic energy.

　　2. The sun is 93 million miles from the earth. Yet we can use energy from the sun because electromagnetic energy travels through space.

　　3. Many other kinds of energy are also types of electromagnetic energy. Radio, television, and radar signals travel from transmitters to receivers as low-energy electromagnetic waves. Infrared ( 红外线的 ) radiation is an electromagnetic wave. When it is absorbed by matter, heat is produced. Waves of infrared and visible light have more energy than waves of radio, television, or radar. Ultraviolet rays ( 紫外线 ) and X-rays are electromagnetic waves with even greater amounts of energy. Infrared radiation is used in cooking food and heating buildings. Sunlight and electric lights are part of our requirements for normal living. Ultraviolet radiation is useful in killing certain disease organisms. X-rays and gamma rays have so mush energy that they travel right through solid objects. They can be used to detect and treat cancer. X-rays are used in industry to find hidden cracks in metal, and in medicine to reveal broken bones.

　　4. Usually we use electricity to generate electromagnetic energy. The source of most of our energy is the sun. Heat from the sun causes water to evaporate. When the water falls to the earth as rain, some of it is trapped behind dams and then used to operate electric generators. Other generators are powered by coal, but the energy stored in coal came from the sun, too.

　　5. Until recently, the source of the tremendous amount of energy given off by the sun was a puzzle. If the sun depended on chemical reactions, it would have used up all its energy long ago. Experiments with electromagnetic radiation led to the theory that mass can be converted into energy. About forty years after the theory was proposed, nuclear energy was harnessed ( 利用 ) by man. Chemical energy comes from electron ( 电子 ) rearrangement. Nuclear energy comes from a change in the nucleus of an atom. Compared with chemical reactions, nuclear reactions release millions of times more energy per pound of fuel. We now believe that the sun's energy comes from the nuclear reactions in which hydrogen is changed into helium ( 氦 ).

　　6. Nuclear energy is beginning to compete with coal as an economical source of power to generate electricity. It is also being used to operate engines in large ships. Scientists continue to seek new and better methods of obtaining and using energy.

　　Paragraph 3__________

　　A.Nuclear reactions as the lasting source of the sun's energy

　　B.The most important source of energy

　　C.Types of electromagnetic energy

　　D.The machines used for energy generation

　　E.Seeking new sources of energy

　　F.The use of ultraviolet radiation in medicine

　　5、 I don't quite follow what she is saying.

　　A.believe

　　B.understand

　　C.explain

　　D.accept

　　6、 I wasn't qualified for the job really, but I got it anyhow.

　　A.anyway

　　B.somehow

　　C.anywhere

　　D.somewhere

　　7、

　　回答题：

　　UndergrOund Coal Fires

　　Coal burning deep underground in China, India and Indonesia is threatening the environment and human life, scientists have warned. These large scale 51 blazes ( 火焰 ) cause the ground temperature to heat up and kill surrounding vegetation, produce greenhouse gases and can 52 ignite ( 点燃) forest fires, a group of scientists told the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Denver. The resulting 53 of poisonous elements like mercury can also pollute local water sources and soils, they warned.

　　"Coal fires are a global disaster," said Associate Professor Glenn Stracher of East Georgia Collage in Swainsboro, USA. But 54 few people know about them.

　　Coal can heat up on its own, and eventually catch fire and burn, if there is a continuous oxygen supply. The heat produced is not caused to 55 and under the right combinations of sunlight and oxygen, can trigger spontaneous ( 自发的 ) catching fire and burning. This can occur underground, in coal stockpiles, abandoned mines or even as coal is transported. 56 fires in China consume up to 200 million tons of coal per year, delegates were told. In 57 , the U.S. economy consumes about one billion tons of coal annually, said Stracher, 58 analysis of the likely impact of coal fires has been accepted for publication in the International Joomal of Acoal Ecology.. 59 underway, coal fires can burn for decades, even centuries. In the process, they release large 60 of greenhouse gases, poisonous fumes and black particles into the atmosphere.

　　The members of the panel discussed the 61 these fires may be having on global and regional climate change, and agreed that the underground nature of the fires makes them difficult to 62

　　Ultimately, the remote sensing and other techniques should allow scientists to 63 how much carbon dioxide these fires are emitting ( 释放 ). One suggested 64 of containing the fires was presented by Gary Colaizzi, of the engineering firm Goodson, which has developed a heat-resistant grout ( 灌浆 ), which is designed to be pumped into the coal fire to 65 the oxygen supply.

　　第51题应选：

　　A.house

　　B.underground

　　C.sky

　　D.water

　　8、 Several windows had been smashed.

　　A.cleaned

　　B.replaced

　　C.fixed

　　D.broken

　　9、

　　The Northern Lights

　　根据以下材料回答题：

　　The sun is stormy and has its own kind of weather. It is so hot and active that even the Sun's gravity cannot hold its atmosphere in check! Energy flows away from the Sun toward the Earth in a stream of electrified particles that move at speeds around a million miles per hour. These particles are called plasma, and the stream of plasma coming from the Sun is called the solar wind. The more active the Snn, the stronger the solar wind.

　　The solar wind constantly streams toward the Earth, but don't worry because a protective magnetic fields surrounds our planet. The same magnetic field that makes your compass point north also steers the particles from the Sun to the north and south poles. The charged particles become trapped in magnetic belts around the Earth. When a large blast of solar wind crashes into the Earth's magnetic field first gets squeezed and then the magnetic field lines break and reconnect.

　　The breaking and reconnecting of the magnetic field lines can cause atomic particles called electrons trapped in the belts to fall into the Earth's atmosphere at the poles. As the electrons fall into the Earth, they collide with gas molecules in the atmosphere, creating flashes of light in the sky.

　　Each atmospheric gas glows a different color, Oxygen and nitrogen glows red and green and nitrogen glows violet-purple. As these various colors glow and dance in the night sky, they create the Northern Lights and the Southern Lights.

　　Watching auroras ( 北极光 ) is fun and exciting, but normally you can only see them in places far north like Alaska and Canada. The movement of the aurora across the sky is usually slow enough to easily follow with your eyes but they can also pulsate ( 跳动) , flicker (闪烁 ) , or even move like waves. During solar maximum, 5 auroras are seen as far south as Florida, even Mexico! Auroras often seem to be very close to the ground, but the lowest aurora is still about 100 kilometers above the ground, a distance much higher than clouds are formed or airplanes can fly. A typical aurora band can be thousands of kilometers long, a few hundred kilometers high, but only a few hundred meters thick.

　　We hope you are able to travel to far-north places like the Arctic Circle and see the Northern Lights at least once during your lifetime. We know you will never forget it!

　　The solar wind comes into being as a result of__________

　　A.fast flow of energy away from the Sun

　　B.disappearance of the Sun's gravity

　　C.unpredictable weather of the Sun

　　D.a stream of particles being blown away

　　10、 The original experiment cannot be exactly duplicated.

　　A.invented

　　B.reproduced

　　C.designed

　　D.reported

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（实习编辑：高奕飞）